\(\newcommand{\footnotename}{footnote}\) \(\def \LWRfootnote {1}\) \(\newcommand {\footnote }[2][\LWRfootnote ]{{}^{\mathrm {#1}}}\) \(\newcommand {\footnotemark }[1][\LWRfootnote ]{{}^{\mathrm {#1}}}\) \(\let \LWRorighspace \hspace \) \(\renewcommand {\hspace }{\ifstar \LWRorighspace \LWRorighspace }\) \(\newcommand {\TextOrMath }[2]{#2}\) \(\newcommand {\mathnormal }[1]{{#1}}\) \(\newcommand \ensuremath [1]{#1}\) \(\newcommand {\LWRframebox }[2][]{\fbox {#2}} \newcommand {\framebox }[1][]{\LWRframebox } \) \(\newcommand {\setlength }[2]{}\) \(\newcommand {\addtolength }[2]{}\) \(\newcommand {\setcounter }[2]{}\) \(\newcommand {\addtocounter }[2]{}\) \(\newcommand {\arabic }[1]{}\) \(\newcommand {\number }[1]{}\) \(\newcommand {\noalign }[1]{\text {#1}\notag \\}\) \(\newcommand {\cline }[1]{}\) \(\newcommand {\directlua }[1]{\text {(directlua)}}\) \(\newcommand {\luatexdirectlua }[1]{\text {(directlua)}}\) \(\newcommand {\protect }{}\) \(\def \LWRabsorbnumber #1 {}\) \(\def \LWRabsorbquotenumber "#1 {}\) \(\newcommand {\LWRabsorboption }[1][]{}\) \(\newcommand {\LWRabsorbtwooptions }[1][]{\LWRabsorboption }\) \(\def \mathchar {\ifnextchar "\LWRabsorbquotenumber \LWRabsorbnumber }\) \(\def \mathcode #1={\mathchar }\) \(\let \delcode \mathcode \) \(\let \delimiter \mathchar \) \(\def \oe {\unicode {x0153}}\) \(\def \OE {\unicode {x0152}}\) \(\def \ae {\unicode {x00E6}}\) \(\def \AE {\unicode {x00C6}}\) \(\def \aa {\unicode {x00E5}}\) \(\def \AA {\unicode {x00C5}}\) \(\def \o {\unicode {x00F8}}\) \(\def \O {\unicode {x00D8}}\) \(\def \l {\unicode {x0142}}\) \(\def \L {\unicode {x0141}}\) \(\def \ss {\unicode {x00DF}}\) \(\def \SS {\unicode {x1E9E}}\) \(\def \dag {\unicode {x2020}}\) \(\def \ddag {\unicode {x2021}}\) \(\def \P {\unicode {x00B6}}\) \(\def \copyright {\unicode {x00A9}}\) \(\def \pounds {\unicode {x00A3}}\) \(\let \LWRref \ref \) \(\renewcommand {\ref }{\ifstar \LWRref \LWRref }\) \( \newcommand {\multicolumn }[3]{#3}\) \(\require {textcomp}\) \(\newcommand {\intertext }[1]{\text {#1}\notag \\}\) \(\let \Hat \hat \) \(\let \Check \check \) \(\let \Tilde \tilde \) \(\let \Acute \acute \) \(\let \Grave \grave \) \(\let \Dot \dot \) \(\let \Ddot \ddot \) \(\let \Breve \breve \) \(\let \Bar \bar \) \(\let \Vec \vec \) \(\renewcommand {\vec }{\boldsymbol }\) \(\newcommand {\Edge }{\ensuremath {\,\textemdash \,}}\) \(\newcommand \Const [1]{\text {\textsf {#1}}}\) \(\DeclareMathOperator {\lerp }{lerp}\) \(\DeclareMathOperator {\bitlen }{bitlen}\) \(\DeclareMathOperator {\sign }{sign}\) \(\newcommand {\I }{\mathrm {i}}\) \(\newcommand \AND {\mathbin {\&}}\) \(\newcommand \OR {\mathbin {|}}\) \(\newcommand \XOR {\mathbin {{}^{\wedge }}}\) \(\newcommand \shl {\ll }\) \(\newcommand \shr {\ggg }\) \(\newcommand \asr {\gg }\) \(\newcommand \NOT {\ensuremath {\mathord {\sim }}}\) \(\newcommand {\isep }{\mathrel {{.}\,{.}}}\) \(\newcommand {\Id }[1]{\mathit {#1}}\) \(\newcommand {\const }[1]{\mathsf {#1}}\) \(\newcommand {\algorithmname }[1]{\text {\textsc {#1}}}\) \(\newcommand {\bits }[1]{\text {#1}}\) \(\newcommand {\hexa }[1]{\mathtt {0x#1}}\) \(\newcommand {\num }[1]{#1}\) \(\newcommand {\qed }{\quad \square }\) \(\newcommand {\idiv }[2]{\lfloor #1/#2\rfloor }\) \(\newcommand \attribdot {\ensuremath {\mkern 1.5mu.\mkern 1.5mu}}\) \(\newcommand \attribxr [2]{#1\attribdot \text {#2}}\) \(\newcommand \attribir [2]{\Id {#1}\attribdot \text {#2}}\) \(\newcommand \attribii [2]{\Id {#1}\attribdot \Id {#2}}\) \(\newcommand \textsc [1]{#1}\) \(\require {colortbl}\) \(\let \LWRorigcolumncolor \columncolor \) \(\renewcommand {\columncolor }[2][named]{\LWRorigcolumncolor [#1]{#2}\LWRabsorbtwooptions }\) \(\let \LWRorigrowcolor \rowcolor \) \(\renewcommand {\rowcolor }[2][named]{\LWRorigrowcolor [#1]{#2}\LWRabsorbtwooptions }\) \(\let \LWRorigcellcolor \cellcolor \) \(\renewcommand {\cellcolor }[2][named]{\LWRorigcellcolor [#1]{#2}\LWRabsorbtwooptions }\) \(\newcommand {\tcbset }[1]{}\) \(\newcommand {\tcbsetforeverylayer }[1]{}\) \(\newcommand {\tcbox }[2][]{\boxed {\text {#2}}}\) \(\newcommand {\tcboxfit }[2][]{\boxed {#2}}\) \(\newcommand {\tcblower }{}\) \(\newcommand {\tcbline }{}\) \(\newcommand {\tcbtitle }{}\) \(\newcommand {\tcbsubtitle [2][]{\mathrm {#2}}}\) \(\newcommand {\tcboxmath }[2][]{\boxed {#2}}\) \(\newcommand {\tcbhighmath }[2][]{\boxed {#2}}\) \(\newcommand {\toprule }[1][]{\hline }\) \(\let \midrule \toprule \) \(\let \bottomrule \toprule \) \(\def \LWRbooktabscmidruleparen (#1)#2{}\) \(\newcommand {\LWRbooktabscmidrulenoparen }[1]{}\) \(\newcommand {\cmidrule }[1][]{\ifnextchar (\LWRbooktabscmidruleparen \LWRbooktabscmidrulenoparen }\) \(\newcommand {\morecmidrules }{}\) \(\newcommand {\specialrule }[3]{\hline }\) \(\newcommand {\addlinespace }[1][]{}\) \(\newcommand {\LWRsubmultirow }[2][]{#2}\) \(\newcommand {\LWRmultirow }[2][]{\LWRsubmultirow }\) \(\newcommand {\multirow }[2][]{\LWRmultirow }\) \(\newcommand {\mrowcell }{}\) \(\newcommand {\mcolrowcell }{}\) \(\newcommand {\STneed }[1]{}\) \(\newcommand {\LWRldelimtwo }[1][]{\text {#1}~\LWRbigdelim }\) \(\newcommand {\LWRldelimone }[2][]{\LWRldelimtwo }\) \(\def \ldelim #1#2{\def \LWRbigdelim {#1}\LWRldelimone }\) \(\newcommand {\LWRrdelimtwo }[1][]{\LWRbigdelim ~\text {#1}}\) \(\newcommand {\LWRrdelimone }[2][]{\LWRrdelimtwo }\) \(\def \rdelim #1#2{\def \LWRbigdelim {#1}\LWRrdelimone }\) \(\let \symnormal \mathit \) \(\let \symliteral \mathrm \) \(\let \symbb \mathbb \) \(\let \symbbit \mathbb \) \(\let \symcal \mathcal \) \(\let \symscr \mathscr \) \(\let \symfrak \mathfrak \) \(\let \symsfup \mathsf \) \(\let \symsfit \mathit \) \(\let \symbfsf \mathbf \) \(\let \symbfup \mathbf \) \(\newcommand {\symbfit }[1]{\boldsymbol {#1}}\) \(\let \symbfcal \mathcal \) \(\let \symbfscr \mathscr \) \(\let \symbffrak \mathfrak \) \(\let \symbfsfup \mathbf \) \(\newcommand {\symbfsfit }[1]{\boldsymbol {#1}}\) \(\let \symup \mathrm \) \(\let \symbf \mathbf \) \(\let \symit \mathit \) \(\let \symsf \symsfit \) \(\let \symtt \mathtt \) \(\let \symbffrac \mathbffrac \) \(\newcommand {\mathfence }[1]{\mathord {#1}}\) \(\newcommand {\mathover }[1]{#1}\) \(\newcommand {\mathunder }[1]{#1}\) \(\newcommand {\mathaccent }[1]{#1}\) \(\newcommand {\mathbotaccent }[1]{#1}\) \(\newcommand {\mathalpha }[1]{\mathord {#1}}\) \(\def\Alpha{\unicode{x1D6E2}}\) \(\def\Beta{\unicode{x1D6E3}}\) \(\def\Gamma{\unicode{x1D6E4}}\) \(\def\Digamma{\mathit{\unicode{x03DC}}}\) \(\def\Delta{\unicode{x1D6E5}}\) \(\def\Epsilon{\unicode{x1D6E6}}\) \(\def\Zeta{\unicode{x1D6E7}}\) \(\def\Eta{\unicode{x1D6E8}}\) \(\def\Theta{\unicode{x1D6E9}}\) \(\def\Vartheta{\unicode{x1D6F3}}\) \(\def\Iota{\unicode{x1D6EA}}\) \(\def\Kappa{\unicode{x1D6EB}}\) \(\def\Lambda{\unicode{x1D6EC}}\) \(\def\Mu{\unicode{x1D6ED}}\) \(\def\Nu{\unicode{x1D6EE}}\) \(\def\Xi{\unicode{x1D6EF}}\) \(\def\Omicron{\unicode{x1D6F0}}\) \(\def\Pi{\unicode{x1D6F1}}\) \(\def\Rho{\unicode{x1D6F2}}\) \(\def\Sigma{\unicode{x1D6F4}}\) \(\def\Tau{\unicode{x1D6F5}}\) \(\def\Upsilon{\unicode{x1D6F6}}\) \(\def\Phi{\unicode{x1D6F7}}\) \(\def\Chi{\unicode{x1D6F8}}\) \(\def\Psi{\unicode{x1D6F9}}\) \(\def\Omega{\unicode{x1D6FA}}\) \(\def\alpha{\unicode{x1D6FC}}\) \(\def\beta{\unicode{x1D6FD}}\) \(\def\varbeta{\unicode{x03D0}}\) \(\def\gamma{\unicode{x1D6FE}}\) \(\def\digamma{\mathit{\unicode{x03DD}}}\) \(\def\delta{\unicode{x1D6FF}}\) \(\def\epsilon{\unicode{x1D716}}\) \(\def\varepsilon{\unicode{x1D700}}\) \(\def\zeta{\unicode{x1D701}}\) \(\def\eta{\unicode{x1D702}}\) \(\def\theta{\unicode{x1D703}}\) \(\def\vartheta{\unicode{x1D717}}\) \(\def\iota{\unicode{x1D704}}\) \(\def\kappa{\unicode{x1D705}}\) \(\def\varkappa{\unicode{x1D718}}\) \(\def\lambda{\unicode{x1D706}}\) \(\def\mu{\unicode{x1D707}}\) \(\def\nu{\unicode{x1D708}}\) \(\def\xi{\unicode{x1D709}}\) \(\def\omicron{\unicode{x1D70A}}\) \(\def\pi{\unicode{x1D70B}}\) \(\def\varpi{\unicode{x1D71B}}\) \(\def\rho{\unicode{x1D70C}}\) \(\def\varrho{\unicode{x1D71A}}\) \(\def\sigma{\unicode{x1D70E}}\) \(\def\varsigma{\unicode{x1D70D}}\) \(\def\tau{\unicode{x1D70F}}\) \(\def\upsilon{\unicode{x1D710}}\) \(\def\phi{\unicode{x1D719}}\) \(\def\varphi{\unicode{x1D711}}\) \(\def\chi{\unicode{x1D712}}\) \(\def\psi{\unicode{x1D713}}\) \(\def\omega{\unicode{x1D714}}\) \(\def\upAlpha{\unicode{x0391}}\) \(\def\upBeta{\unicode{x0392}}\) \(\def\upGamma{\unicode{x0393}}\) \(\def\upDigamma{\unicode{x03DC}}\) \(\def\upDelta{\unicode{x0394}}\) \(\def\upEpsilon{\unicode{x0395}}\) \(\def\upZeta{\unicode{x0396}}\) \(\def\upEta{\unicode{x0397}}\) \(\def\upTheta{\unicode{x0398}}\) \(\def\upVartheta{\unicode{x03F4}}\) \(\def\upIota{\unicode{x0399}}\) \(\def\upKappa{\unicode{x039A}}\) \(\def\upLambda{\unicode{x039B}}\) \(\def\upMu{\unicode{x039C}}\) \(\def\upNu{\unicode{x039D}}\) \(\def\upXi{\unicode{x039E}}\) \(\def\upOmicron{\unicode{x039F}}\) \(\def\upPi{\unicode{x03A0}}\) \(\def\upVarpi{\unicode{x03D6}}\) \(\def\upRho{\unicode{x03A1}}\) \(\def\upSigma{\unicode{x03A3}}\) \(\def\upTau{\unicode{x03A4}}\) \(\def\upUpsilon{\unicode{x03A5}}\) \(\def\upPhi{\unicode{x03A6}}\) \(\def\upChi{\unicode{x03A7}}\) \(\def\upPsi{\unicode{x03A8}}\) \(\def\upOmega{\unicode{x03A9}}\) \(\def\itAlpha{\unicode{x1D6E2}}\) \(\def\itBeta{\unicode{x1D6E3}}\) \(\def\itGamma{\unicode{x1D6E4}}\) \(\def\itDigamma{\mathit{\unicode{x03DC}}}\) \(\def\itDelta{\unicode{x1D6E5}}\) \(\def\itEpsilon{\unicode{x1D6E6}}\) \(\def\itZeta{\unicode{x1D6E7}}\) \(\def\itEta{\unicode{x1D6E8}}\) \(\def\itTheta{\unicode{x1D6E9}}\) \(\def\itVartheta{\unicode{x1D6F3}}\) \(\def\itIota{\unicode{x1D6EA}}\) \(\def\itKappa{\unicode{x1D6EB}}\) \(\def\itLambda{\unicode{x1D6EC}}\) \(\def\itMu{\unicode{x1D6ED}}\) \(\def\itNu{\unicode{x1D6EE}}\) \(\def\itXi{\unicode{x1D6EF}}\) \(\def\itOmicron{\unicode{x1D6F0}}\) \(\def\itPi{\unicode{x1D6F1}}\) \(\def\itRho{\unicode{x1D6F2}}\) \(\def\itSigma{\unicode{x1D6F4}}\) \(\def\itTau{\unicode{x1D6F5}}\) \(\def\itUpsilon{\unicode{x1D6F6}}\) \(\def\itPhi{\unicode{x1D6F7}}\) \(\def\itChi{\unicode{x1D6F8}}\) \(\def\itPsi{\unicode{x1D6F9}}\) \(\def\itOmega{\unicode{x1D6FA}}\) \(\def\upalpha{\unicode{x03B1}}\) \(\def\upbeta{\unicode{x03B2}}\) \(\def\upvarbeta{\unicode{x03D0}}\) \(\def\upgamma{\unicode{x03B3}}\) \(\def\updigamma{\unicode{x03DD}}\) \(\def\updelta{\unicode{x03B4}}\) \(\def\upepsilon{\unicode{x03F5}}\) \(\def\upvarepsilon{\unicode{x03B5}}\) \(\def\upzeta{\unicode{x03B6}}\) \(\def\upeta{\unicode{x03B7}}\) \(\def\uptheta{\unicode{x03B8}}\) \(\def\upvartheta{\unicode{x03D1}}\) \(\def\upiota{\unicode{x03B9}}\) \(\def\upkappa{\unicode{x03BA}}\) \(\def\upvarkappa{\unicode{x03F0}}\) \(\def\uplambda{\unicode{x03BB}}\) \(\def\upmu{\unicode{x03BC}}\) \(\def\upnu{\unicode{x03BD}}\) \(\def\upxi{\unicode{x03BE}}\) \(\def\upomicron{\unicode{x03BF}}\) \(\def\uppi{\unicode{x03C0}}\) \(\def\upvarpi{\unicode{x03D6}}\) \(\def\uprho{\unicode{x03C1}}\) \(\def\upvarrho{\unicode{x03F1}}\) \(\def\upsigma{\unicode{x03C3}}\) \(\def\upvarsigma{\unicode{x03C2}}\) \(\def\uptau{\unicode{x03C4}}\) \(\def\upupsilon{\unicode{x03C5}}\) \(\def\upphi{\unicode{x03D5}}\) \(\def\upvarphi{\unicode{x03C6}}\) \(\def\upchi{\unicode{x03C7}}\) \(\def\uppsi{\unicode{x03C8}}\) \(\def\upomega{\unicode{x03C9}}\) \(\def\italpha{\unicode{x1D6FC}}\) \(\def\itbeta{\unicode{x1D6FD}}\) \(\def\itvarbeta{\unicode{x03D0}}\) \(\def\itgamma{\unicode{x1D6FE}}\) \(\def\itdigamma{\mathit{\unicode{x03DD}}}\) \(\def\itdelta{\unicode{x1D6FF}}\) \(\def\itepsilon{\unicode{x1D716}}\) \(\def\itvarepsilon{\unicode{x1D700}}\) \(\def\itzeta{\unicode{x1D701}}\) \(\def\iteta{\unicode{x1D702}}\) \(\def\ittheta{\unicode{x1D703}}\) \(\def\itvartheta{\unicode{x1D717}}\) \(\def\itiota{\unicode{x1D704}}\) \(\def\itkappa{\unicode{x1D705}}\) \(\def\itvarkappa{\unicode{x1D718}}\) \(\def\itlambda{\unicode{x1D706}}\) \(\def\itmu{\unicode{x1D707}}\) \(\def\itnu{\unicode{x1D708}}\) \(\def\itxi{\unicode{x1D709}}\) \(\def\itomicron{\unicode{x1D70A}}\) \(\def\itpi{\unicode{x1D70B}}\) \(\def\itvarpi{\unicode{x1D71B}}\) \(\def\itrho{\unicode{x1D70C}}\) \(\def\itvarrho{\unicode{x1D71A}}\) \(\def\itsigma{\unicode{x1D70E}}\) \(\def\itvarsigma{\unicode{x1D70D}}\) \(\def\ittau{\unicode{x1D70F}}\) \(\def\itupsilon{\unicode{x1D710}}\) \(\def\itphi{\unicode{x1D719}}\) \(\def\itvarphi{\unicode{x1D711}}\) \(\def\itchi{\unicode{x1D712}}\) \(\def\itpsi{\unicode{x1D713}}\) \(\def\itomega{\unicode{x1D714}}\) \(\let \lparen (\) \(\let \rparen )\) \(\newcommand {\cuberoot }[1]{\,{}^3\!\!\sqrt {#1}}\,\) \(\newcommand {\fourthroot }[1]{\,{}^4\!\!\sqrt {#1}}\,\) \(\newcommand {\longdivision }[1]{\mathord {\unicode {x027CC}#1}}\) \(\newcommand {\mathcomma }{,}\) \(\newcommand {\mathcolon }{:}\) \(\newcommand {\mathsemicolon }{;}\) \(\newcommand {\overbracket }[1]{\mathinner {\overline {\ulcorner {#1}\urcorner }}}\) \(\newcommand {\underbracket }[1]{\mathinner {\underline {\llcorner {#1}\lrcorner }}}\) \(\newcommand {\overbar }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x00305}}}\) \(\newcommand {\ovhook }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x00309}}}\) \(\newcommand {\ocirc }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x0030A}}}\) \(\newcommand {\candra }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x00310}}}\) \(\newcommand {\oturnedcomma }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x00312}}}\) \(\newcommand {\ocommatopright }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x00315}}}\) \(\newcommand {\droang }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x0031A}}}\) \(\newcommand {\leftharpoonaccent }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x020D0}}}\) \(\newcommand {\rightharpoonaccent }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x020D1}}}\) \(\newcommand {\vertoverlay }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x020D2}}}\) \(\newcommand {\leftarrowaccent }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x020D0}}}\) \(\newcommand {\annuity }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x020E7}}}\) \(\newcommand {\widebridgeabove }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x020E9}}}\) \(\newcommand {\asteraccent }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x020F0}}}\) \(\newcommand {\threeunderdot }[1]{\mathord {#1\unicode {x020E8}}}\) \(\newcommand {\Bbbsum }{\mathop {\unicode {x2140}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\oiint }{\mathop {\unicode {x222F}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\oiiint }{\mathop {\unicode {x2230}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\intclockwise }{\mathop {\unicode {x2231}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\ointclockwise }{\mathop {\unicode {x2232}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\ointctrclockwise }{\mathop {\unicode {x2233}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\varointclockwise }{\mathop {\unicode {x2232}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\leftouterjoin }{\mathop {\unicode {x27D5}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\rightouterjoin }{\mathop {\unicode {x27D6}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\fullouterjoin }{\mathop {\unicode {x27D7}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\bigbot }{\mathop {\unicode {x27D8}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\bigtop }{\mathop {\unicode {x27D9}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\xsol }{\mathop {\unicode {x29F8}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\xbsol }{\mathop {\unicode {x29F9}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\bigcupdot }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A03}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\bigsqcap }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A05}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\conjquant }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A07}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\disjquant }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A08}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\bigtimes }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A09}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\modtwosum }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A0A}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\sumint }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A0B}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\intbar }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A0D}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\intBar }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A0E}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\fint }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A0F}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\cirfnint }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A10}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\awint }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A11}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\rppolint }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A12}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\scpolint }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A13}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\npolint }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A14}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\pointint }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A15}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\sqint }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A16}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\intlarhk }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A17}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\intx }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A18}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\intcap }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A19}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\intcup }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A1A}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\upint }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A1B}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\lowint }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A1C}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\bigtriangleleft }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A1E}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\zcmp }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A1F}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\zpipe }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A20}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\zproject }{\mathop {\unicode {x2A21}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\biginterleave }{\mathop {\unicode {x2AFC}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\bigtalloblong }{\mathop {\unicode {x2AFF}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\arabicmaj }{\mathop {\unicode {x1EEF0}}\limits }\) \(\newcommand {\arabichad }{\mathop {\unicode {x1EEF1}}\limits }\)

byte b = 17;
int c = b;            // byte promoted to int 
long l = 12 + 17L;    // 12 promoted to long
double d = 12 * 1.0f; // 12 promoted to float, then to double

int i = (int)(12 + 17L);      // conversion from long to int
float f = (float)(12 * 1.0);  // conversion from double to float
int j = (int)f;               // conversion from float to int

int v = (c > b) ? 1 : 0;  // explicit conversion from boolean to int
boolean b = (v != 0);     // explicit conversion from int to boolean

Integer i = Integer.valueOf(13);
int j = i.intValue();
assert j == 13;

Integer i = 13;  // automatic boxing
int j = i;       // automatic unboxing

Object anything;
if (Math.random() < 0.5) {
    anything = 42;
} else {
    anything = 3.14159f;
}
if (anything instanceof Integer i) {
    System.out.println("It's an integer: " + i);
} else if (anything instanceof Float f) {
    System.out.println("It's a float: " + f);
}

// var list = new ArrayList<int>();  // !! compile-time error
var list = new ArrayList<Integer>(); // OK
list.add(1);         // box 1 by converting it to Integer
int x = list.get(0); // unbox result by converting it to int